URL2.php
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URL2.php
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	<?php
	/**
	* Net_URL2, a class representing a URL as per RFC 3986.
	*
	* PHP version 5
	*
	* LICENSE:
	*
	* Copyright (c) 2007-2009, Peytz & Co. A/S
	* All rights reserved.
	*
	* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
	* are met:
	*
	* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
	* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
	* * Neither the name of the Net_URL2 nor the names of its contributors may
	* be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
	* without specific prior written permission.
	*
	* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
	* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
	* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
	* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
	* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
	* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
	* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
	* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
	* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
	* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
	* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
	*
	* @category Networking
	* @package Net_URL2
	* @author Christian Schmidt <schmidt@php.net>
	* @copyright 2007-2009 Peytz & Co. A/S
	* @license https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause BSD-3-Clause
	* @version CVS: $Id$
	* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986
	*/

	/**
	* Represents a URL as per RFC 3986.
	*
	* @category Networking
	* @package Net_URL2
	* @author Christian Schmidt <schmidt@php.net>
	* @copyright 2007-2009 Peytz & Co. A/S
	* @license https://spdx.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause BSD-3-Clause
	* @version Release: @package_version@
	* @link https://pear.php.net/package/Net_URL2
	*/
	class Net_URL2
	{
	/**
	* Do strict parsing in resolve() (see RFC 3986, section 5.2.2). Default
	* is true.
	*/
	const OPTION_STRICT = 'strict';

	/**
	* Represent arrays in query using PHP's [] notation. Default is true.
	*/
	const OPTION_USE_BRACKETS = 'use_brackets';

	/**
	* Drop zero-based integer sequences in query using PHP's [] notation. Default
	* is true.
	*/
	const OPTION_DROP_SEQUENCE = 'drop_sequence';

	/**
	* URL-encode query variable keys. Default is true.
	*/
	const OPTION_ENCODE_KEYS = 'encode_keys';

	/**
	* Query variable separators when parsing the query string. Every character
	* is considered a separator. Default is "&".
	*/
	const OPTION_SEPARATOR_INPUT = 'input_separator';

	/**
	* Query variable separator used when generating the query string. Default
	* is "&".
	*/
	const OPTION_SEPARATOR_OUTPUT = 'output_separator';

	/**
	* Default options corresponds to how PHP handles $_GET.
	*/
	private $_options = array(
	self::OPTION_STRICT => true,
	self::OPTION_USE_BRACKETS => true,
	self::OPTION_DROP_SEQUENCE => true,
	self::OPTION_ENCODE_KEYS => true,
	self::OPTION_SEPARATOR_INPUT => '&',
	self::OPTION_SEPARATOR_OUTPUT => '&',
	);

	/**
	* The scheme, false for none
	*
	* @var string\|bool
	*/
	private $_scheme = false;

	/**
	* The user, false for no userinfo
	*
	* @var string\|bool
	*/
	private $_userinfo = false;

	/**
	* The host, false for no authority
	*
	* @var string\|bool
	*/
	private $_host = false;

	/**
	* The port number, false for no port number
	*
	* @var string\|bool
	*/
	private $_port = false;

	/**
	* The path
	*
	* @var string
	*/
	private $_path = '';

	/**
	* The query string without the leading "?" (search), false for no query
	*
	* @var string\|bool
	*/
	private $_query = false;

	/**
	* The fragment name without the leading "#" (anchor), false for no "#" fragment
	*
	* @var string\|bool
	*/
	private $_fragment = false;

	/**
	* Constructor.
	*
	* @param string $url an absolute or relative URL
	* @param array $options an array of OPTION_xxx constants
	*
	* @uses self::parseUrl()
	*/
	public function __construct($url, array $options = array())
	{
	foreach ($options as $optionName => $value) {
	if (array_key_exists($optionName, $this->_options)) {
	$this->_options[$optionName] = $value;
	}
	}

	$this->parseUrl($url);
	}

	/**
	* Magic Setter.
	*
	* This method will magically set the value of a private variable ($var)
	* with the value passed as the args
	*
	* @param string $var The private variable to set.
	* @param mixed $arg An argument of any type.
	*
	* @return void
	*/
	public function __set($var, $arg)
	{
	$method = 'set' . $var;
	if (method_exists($this, $method)) {
	$this->$method($arg);
	}
	}

	/**
	* Magic Getter.
	*
	* This is the magic get method to retrieve the private variable
	* that was set by either __set() or it's setter...
	*
	* @param string $var The property name to retrieve.
	*
	* @return mixed $this->$var Either a boolean false if the
	* property is not set or the value
	* of the private property.
	*/
	public function __get($var)
	{
	$method = 'get' . $var;
	if (method_exists($this, $method)) {
	return $this->$method();
	}

	return false;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the scheme, e.g. "http" or "urn", or false if there is no
	* scheme specified, i.e. if this is a relative URL.
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	*/
	public function getScheme()
	{
	return $this->_scheme;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the scheme, e.g. "http" or "urn". Specify false if there is no
	* scheme specified, i.e. if this is a relative URL.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $scheme e.g. "http" or "urn", or false if there is no
	* scheme specified, i.e. if this is a relative
	* URL
	*
	* @return $this
	* @see getScheme
	*/
	public function setScheme($scheme)
	{
	$this->_scheme = $scheme;
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the user part of the userinfo part (the part preceding the first
	* ":"), or false if there is no userinfo part.
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	*/
	public function getUser()
	{
	return $this->_userinfo !== false
	? preg_replace('(:.*$)', '', $this->_userinfo)
	: false;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the password part of the userinfo part (the part after the first
	* ":"), or false if there is no userinfo part (i.e. the URL does not
	* contain "@" in front of the hostname) or the userinfo part does not
	* contain ":".
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	*/
	public function getPassword()
	{
	return $this->_userinfo !== false
	? substr(strstr($this->_userinfo, ':'), 1)
	: false;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the userinfo part, or false if there is none, i.e. if the
	* authority part does not contain "@".
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	*/
	public function getUserinfo()
	{
	return $this->_userinfo;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the userinfo part. If two arguments are passed, they are combined
	* in the userinfo part as username ":" password.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $userinfo userinfo or username
	* @param string\|bool $password optional password, or false
	*
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setUserinfo($userinfo, $password = false)
	{
	if ($password !== false) {
	$userinfo .= ':' . $password;
	}

	if ($userinfo !== false) {
	$userinfo = $this->_encodeData($userinfo);
	}

	$this->_userinfo = $userinfo;
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the host part, or false if there is no authority part, e.g.
	* relative URLs.
	*
	* @return string\|bool a hostname, an IP address, or false
	*/
	public function getHost()
	{
	return $this->_host;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the host part. Specify false if there is no authority part, e.g.
	* relative URLs.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $host a hostname, an IP address, or false
	*
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setHost($host)
	{
	$this->_host = $host;
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the port number, or false if there is no port number specified,
	* i.e. if the default port is to be used.
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	*/
	public function getPort()
	{
	return $this->_port;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the port number. Specify false if there is no port number specified,
	* i.e. if the default port is to be used.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $port a port number, or false
	*
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setPort($port)
	{
	$this->_port = $port;
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the authority part, i.e. [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ], or
	* false if there is no authority.
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	*/
	public function getAuthority()
	{
	if (false === $this->_host) {
	return false;
	}

	$authority = '';

	if (strlen($this->_userinfo)) {
	$authority .= $this->_userinfo . '@';
	}

	$authority .= $this->_host;

	if ($this->_port !== false) {
	$authority .= ':' . $this->_port;
	}

	return $authority;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the authority part, i.e. [ userinfo "@" ] host [ ":" port ]. Specify
	* false if there is no authority.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $authority a hostname or an IP address, possibly
	* with userinfo prefixed and port number
	* appended, e.g. "foo:bar@example.org:81".
	*
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setAuthority($authority)
	{
	$this->_userinfo = false;
	$this->_host = false;
	$this->_port = false;

	if ('' === $authority) {
	$this->_host = $authority;
	return $this;
	}

	if (!preg_match('(^(([^@])@)?(.+?)(:(\d))?$)', $authority, $matches)) {
	return $this;
	}

	if ($matches[1]) {
	$this->_userinfo = $this->_encodeData($matches[2]);
	}

	$this->_host = $matches[3];

	if (isset($matches[5]) && strlen($matches[5])) {
	$this->_port = $matches[5];
	}
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the path part (possibly an empty string).
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public function getPath()
	{
	return $this->_path;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the path part (possibly an empty string).
	*
	* @param string $path a path
	*
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setPath($path)
	{
	$this->_path = $path;
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the query string (excluding the leading "?"), or false if "?"
	* is not present in the URL.
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	* @see getQueryVariables
	*/
	public function getQuery()
	{
	return $this->_query;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the query string (excluding the leading "?"). Specify false if "?"
	* is not present in the URL.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $query a query string, e.g. "foo=1&bar=2"
	*
	* @return $this
	* @see setQueryVariables
	*/
	public function setQuery($query)
	{
	$this->_query = $query;
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the fragment name, or false if "#" is not present in the URL.
	*
	* @return string\|bool
	*/
	public function getFragment()
	{
	return $this->_fragment;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the fragment name. Specify false if "#" is not present in the URL.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $fragment a fragment excluding the leading "#", or
	* false
	*
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setFragment($fragment)
	{
	$this->_fragment = $fragment;
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the query string like an array as the variables would appear in
	* $_GET in a PHP script. If the URL does not contain a "?", an empty array
	* is returned.
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return array
	*/
	public function getQueryVariables()
	{
	$separator = $this->getOption(self::OPTION_SEPARATOR_INPUT);
	$encodeKeys = $this->getOption(self::OPTION_ENCODE_KEYS);
	$useBrackets = $this->getOption(self::OPTION_USE_BRACKETS);

	$return = array();

	for ($part = strtok($this->_query, $separator);
	strlen($part);
	$part = strtok($separator)
	) {
	list($key, $value) = explode('=', $part, 2) + array(1 => '');

	if ($encodeKeys) {
	$key = rawurldecode($key);
	}
	$value = rawurldecode($value);

	if ($useBrackets) {
	$return = $this->_queryArrayByKey($key, $value, $return);
	} else {
	if (isset($return[$key])) {
	$return[$key] = (array) $return[$key];
	$return[$key][] = $value;
	} else {
	$return[$key] = $value;
	}
	}
	}

	return $return;
	}

	/**
	* Parse a single query key=value pair into an existing php array
	*
	* @param string $key query-key
	* @param string $value query-value
	* @param array $array of existing query variables (if any)
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return mixed
	*/
	private function _queryArrayByKey($key, $value, array $array = array())
	{
	if (!strlen($key)) {
	return $array;
	}

	$offset = $this->_queryKeyBracketOffset($key);
	if ($offset === false) {
	$name = $key;
	} else {
	$name = substr($key, 0, $offset);
	}

	if (!strlen($name)) {
	return $array;
	}

	if (!$offset) {
	// named value
	$array[$name] = $value;
	} else {
	// array
	$brackets = substr($key, $offset);
	if (!isset($array[$name])) {
	$array[$name] = array();
	}
	$array[$name] = $this->_queryArrayByBrackets(
	$brackets, $value, $array[$name]
	);
	}

	return $array;
	}

	/**
	* Parse a key-buffer to place value in array
	*
	* @param string $buffer to consume all keys from
	* @param string $value to be set/add
	* @param array $array to traverse and set/add value in
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return array
	*/
	private function _queryArrayByBrackets($buffer, $value, array $array)
	{
	$entry = &$array;

	for ($iteration = 0; strlen($buffer); $iteration++) {
	$open = $this->_queryKeyBracketOffset($buffer);
	if ($open !== 0) {
	// Opening bracket [ must exist at offset 0, if not, there is
	// no bracket to parse and the value dropped.
	// if this happens in the first iteration, this is flawed, see
	// as well the second exception below.
	if ($iteration) {
	break;
	}
	// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
	throw new Exception(
	'Net_URL2 Internal Error: '. __METHOD__ .'(): ' .
	'Opening bracket [ must exist at offset 0'
	);
	// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
	}

	$close = strpos($buffer, ']', 1);
	if (!$close) {
	// this error condition should never be reached as this is a
	// private method and bracket pairs are checked beforehand.
	// See as well the first exception for the opening bracket.
	// @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
	throw new Exception(
	'Net_URL2 Internal Error: '. __METHOD__ .'(): ' .
	'Closing bracket ] must exist, not found'
	);
	// @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
	}

	$index = substr($buffer, 1, $close - 1);
	if (strlen($index)) {
	$entry = &$entry[$index];
	} else {
	if (!is_array($entry)) {
	$entry = array();
	}
	$entry[] = &$new;
	$entry = &$new;
	unset($new);
	}
	$buffer = substr($buffer, $close + 1);
	}

	$entry = $value;

	return $array;
	}

	/**
	* Query-key has brackets ("...[]")
	*
	* @param string $key query-key
	*
	* @return bool\|int offset of opening bracket, false if no brackets
	*/
	private function _queryKeyBracketOffset($key)
	{
	if (false !== $open = strpos($key, '[')
	and false === strpos($key, ']', $open + 1)
	) {
	$open = false;
	}

	return $open;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the query string to the specified variable in the query string.
	*
	* @param array $array (name => value) array
	*
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setQueryVariables(array $array)
	{
	if (!$array) {
	$this->_query = false;
	} else {
	$this->_query = $this->buildQuery(
	$array,
	$this->getOption(self::OPTION_SEPARATOR_OUTPUT)
	);
	}
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Sets the specified variable in the query string.
	*
	* @param string $name variable name
	* @param mixed $value variable value
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function setQueryVariable($name, $value)
	{
	$array = $this->getQueryVariables();
	$array[$name] = $value;
	$this->setQueryVariables($array);
	return $this;
	}

	/**
	* Removes the specified variable from the query string.
	*
	* @param string $name a query string variable, e.g. "foo" in "?foo=1"
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return void
	*/
	public function unsetQueryVariable($name)
	{
	$array = $this->getQueryVariables();
	unset($array[$name]);
	$this->setQueryVariables($array);
	}

	/**
	* Returns a string representation of this URL.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public function getURL()
	{
	// See RFC 3986, section 5.3
	$url = '';

	if ($this->_scheme !== false) {
	$url .= $this->_scheme . ':';
	}

	$authority = $this->getAuthority();
	if ($authority === false && strtolower($this->_scheme) === 'file') {
	$authority = '';
	}

	$url .= $this->_buildAuthorityAndPath($authority, $this->_path);

	if ($this->_query !== false) {
	$url .= '?' . $this->_query;
	}

	if ($this->_fragment !== false) {
	$url .= '#' . $this->_fragment;
	}

	return $url;
	}

	/**
	* Put authority and path together, wrapping authority
	* into proper separators/terminators.
	*
	* @param string\|bool $authority authority
	* @param string $path path
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	private function _buildAuthorityAndPath($authority, $path)
	{
	if ($authority === false) {
	return $path;
	}

	$terminator = ($path !== '' && $path[0] !== '/') ? '/' : '';

	return '//' . $authority . $terminator . $path;
	}

	/**
	* Returns a string representation of this URL.
	*
	* @return string
	* @link https://php.net/language.oop5.magic#object.tostring
	*/
	public function __toString()
	{
	return $this->getURL();
	}

	/**
	* Returns a normalized string representation of this URL. This is useful
	* for comparison of URLs.
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public function getNormalizedURL()
	{
	$url = clone $this;
	$url->normalize();
	return $url->getURL();
	}

	/**
	* Normalizes the URL
	*
	* See RFC 3986, Section 6. Normalization and Comparison
	*
	* @link https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-6
	*
	* @return void
	*/
	public function normalize()
	{
	// See RFC 3986, section 6

	// Scheme is case-insensitive
	if ($this->_scheme) {
	$this->_scheme = strtolower($this->_scheme);
	}

	// Hostname is case-insensitive
	if ($this->_host) {
	$this->_host = strtolower($this->_host);
	}

	// Remove default port number for known schemes (RFC 3986, section 6.2.3)
	if ('' === $this->_port
	\|\| $this->_port
	&& $this->_scheme
	&& $this->_port == getservbyname($this->_scheme, 'tcp')
	) {
	$this->_port = false;
	}

	// Normalize case of %XX percentage-encodings (RFC 3986, section 6.2.2.1)
	// Normalize percentage-encoded unreserved characters (section 6.2.2.2)
	$fields = array(&$this->_userinfo, &$this->_host, &$this->_path,
	&$this->_query, &$this->_fragment);
	foreach ($fields as &$field) {
	if ($field !== false) {
	$field = $this->_normalize("$field");
	}
	}
	unset($field);

	// Path segment normalization (RFC 3986, section 6.2.2.3)
	$this->_path = self::removeDotSegments($this->_path);

	// Scheme based normalization (RFC 3986, section 6.2.3)
	if (false !== $this->_host && '' === $this->_path) {
	$this->_path = '/';
	}

	// path should start with '/' if there is authority (section 3.3.)
	if (strlen($this->getAuthority())
	&& strlen($this->_path)
	&& $this->_path[0] !== '/'
	) {
	$this->_path = '/' . $this->_path;
	}
	}

	/**
	* Normalize case of %XX percentage-encodings (RFC 3986, section 6.2.2.1)
	* Normalize percentage-encoded unreserved characters (section 6.2.2.2)
	*
	* @param string\|array $mixed string or array of strings to normalize
	*
	* @return string\|array
	* @see normalize
	* @see _normalizeCallback()
	*/
	private function _normalize($mixed)
	{
	return preg_replace_callback(
	'((?:%[0-9a-fA-Z]{2})+)', array($this, '_normalizeCallback'),
	$mixed
	);
	}

	/**
	* Callback for _normalize() of %XX percentage-encodings
	*
	* @param array $matches as by preg_replace_callback
	*
	* @return string
	* @see normalize
	* @see _normalize
	*
	* @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.UnusedPrivateMethod)
	*/
	private function _normalizeCallback($matches)
	{
	return self::urlencode(urldecode($matches[0]));
	}

	/**
	* Returns whether this instance represents an absolute URL.
	*
	* @return bool
	*/
	public function isAbsolute()
	{
	return (bool) $this->_scheme;
	}

	/**
	* Returns an Net_URL2 instance representing an absolute URL relative to
	* this URL.
	*
	* @param Net_URL2\|string $reference relative URL
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return $this
	*/
	public function resolve($reference)
	{
	if (!$reference instanceof Net_URL2) {
	$reference = new self($reference);
	}
	if (!$reference->_isFragmentOnly() && !$this->isAbsolute()) {
	throw new Exception(
	'Base-URL must be absolute if reference is not fragment-only'
	);
	}

	// A non-strict parser may ignore a scheme in the reference if it is
	// identical to the base URI's scheme.
	if (!$this->getOption(self::OPTION_STRICT)
	&& $reference->_scheme == $this->_scheme
	) {
	$reference->_scheme = false;
	}

	$target = new self('');
	if ($reference->_scheme !== false) {
	$target->_scheme = $reference->_scheme;
	$target->setAuthority($reference->getAuthority());
	$target->_path = self::removeDotSegments($reference->_path);
	$target->_query = $reference->_query;
	} else {
	$authority = $reference->getAuthority();
	if ($authority !== false) {
	$target->setAuthority($authority);
	$target->_path = self::removeDotSegments($reference->_path);
	$target->_query = $reference->_query;
	} else {
	if ($reference->_path == '') {
	$target->_path = $this->_path;
	if ($reference->_query !== false) {
	$target->_query = $reference->_query;
	} else {
	$target->_query = $this->_query;
	}
	} else {
	if (substr($reference->_path, 0, 1) == '/') {
	$target->_path = self::removeDotSegments($reference->_path);
	} else {
	// Merge paths (RFC 3986, section 5.2.3)
	if ($this->_host !== false && $this->_path == '') {
	$target->_path = '/' . $reference->_path;
	} else {
	$i = strrpos($this->_path, '/');
	if ($i !== false) {
	$target->_path = substr($this->_path, 0, $i + 1);
	}
	$target->_path .= $reference->_path;
	}
	$target->_path = self::removeDotSegments($target->_path);
	}
	$target->_query = $reference->_query;
	}
	$target->setAuthority($this->getAuthority());
	}
	$target->_scheme = $this->_scheme;
	}

	$target->_fragment = $reference->_fragment;

	return $target;
	}

	/**
	* URL is fragment-only
	*
	* @return bool
	*
	* @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.UnusedPrivateMethod)
	*/
	private function _isFragmentOnly()
	{
	return (
	$this->_fragment !== false
	&& $this->_query === false
	&& $this->_path === ''
	&& $this->_port === false
	&& $this->_host === false
	&& $this->_userinfo === false
	&& $this->_scheme === false
	);
	}

	/**
	* Removes dots as described in RFC 3986, section 5.2.4, e.g.
	* "/foo/../bar/baz" => "/bar/baz"
	*
	* @param string $path a path
	*
	* @return string a path
	*/
	public static function removeDotSegments($path)
	{
	$path = (string) $path;
	$output = '';

	// Make sure not to be trapped in an infinite loop due to a bug in this
	// method
	$loopLimit = 256;
	$j = 0;
	while ('' !== $path && $j++ < $loopLimit) {
	if (substr($path, 0, 2) === './') {
	// Step 2.A
	$path = substr($path, 2);
	} elseif (substr($path, 0, 3) === '../') {
	// Step 2.A
	$path = substr($path, 3);
	} elseif (substr($path, 0, 3) === '/./' \|\| $path === '/.') {
	// Step 2.B
	$path = '/' . substr($path, 3);
	} elseif (substr($path, 0, 4) === '/../' \|\| $path === '/..') {
	// Step 2.C
	$path = '/' . substr($path, 4);
	$i = strrpos($output, '/');
	$output = $i === false ? '' : substr($output, 0, $i);
	} elseif ($path === '.' \|\| $path === '..') {
	// Step 2.D
	$path = '';
	} else {
	// Step 2.E
	$i = strpos($path, '/', $path[0] === '/');
	if ($i === false) {
	$output .= $path;
	$path = '';
	break;
	}
	$output .= substr($path, 0, $i);
	$path = substr($path, $i);
	}
	}

	if ($path !== '') {
	$message = sprintf(
	'Unable to remove dot segments; hit loop limit %d (left: %s)',
	$j, var_export($path, true)
	);
	trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);
	}

	return $output;
	}

	/**
	* Percent-encodes all non-alphanumeric characters except these: _ . - ~
	* Similar to PHP's rawurlencode(), except that it also encodes ~ in PHP
	* 5.2.x and earlier.
	*
	* @param string $string string to encode
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function urlencode($string)
	{
	$encoded = rawurlencode($string);

	// This is only necessary in PHP < 5.3.
	$encoded = str_replace('%7E', '~', $encoded);
	return $encoded;
	}

	/**
	* Returns a Net_URL2 instance representing the canonical URL of the
	* currently executing PHP script.
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function getCanonical()
	{
	if (!isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
	// ALERT - no current URL
	throw new Exception('Script was not called through a webserver');
	}

	// Begin with a relative URL
	$url = new self($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']);
	$url->_scheme = isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) ? 'https' : 'http';
	$url->_host = $_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];
	$port = $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'];
	if ($url->_scheme == 'http' && $port != 80
	\|\| $url->_scheme == 'https' && $port != 443
	) {
	$url->_port = $port;
	}
	return $url;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the URL used to retrieve the current request.
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return string
	*/
	public static function getRequestedURL()
	{
	return self::getRequested()->getUrl();
	}

	/**
	* Returns a Net_URL2 instance representing the URL used to retrieve the
	* current request.
	*
	* @throws Exception
	* @return $this
	*/
	public static function getRequested()
	{
	if (!isset($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'])) {
	// ALERT - no current URL
	throw new Exception('Script was not called through a webserver');
	}

	// Begin with a relative URL
	$url = new self($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']);
	$url->_scheme = isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) ? 'https' : 'http';
	// Set host and possibly port
	$url->setAuthority($_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']);
	return $url;
	}

	/**
	* Returns the value of the specified option.
	*
	* @param string $optionName The name of the option to retrieve
	*
	* @return mixed
	*/
	public function getOption($optionName)
	{
	return isset($this->_options[$optionName])
	? $this->_options[$optionName] : false;
	}

	/**
	* A simple version of http_build_query in userland. The encoded string is
	* percentage encoded according to RFC 3986.
	*
	* @param array $data An array, which has to be converted into
	* QUERY_STRING. Anything is possible.
	* @param string $separator Separator {@link self::OPTION_SEPARATOR_OUTPUT}
	* @param string $key For stacked values (arrays in an array).
	*
	* @return string
	*/
	protected function buildQuery(array $data, $separator, $key = null)
	{
	$query = array();
	$drop_names = (
	$this->_options[self::OPTION_DROP_SEQUENCE] === true
	&& array_keys($data) === array_keys(array_values($data))
	);
	foreach ($data as $name => $value) {
	if ($this->getOption(self::OPTION_ENCODE_KEYS) === true) {
	$name = rawurlencode($name);
	}
	if ($key !== null) {
	if ($this->getOption(self::OPTION_USE_BRACKETS) === true) {
	$drop_names && $name = '';
	$name = $key . '[' . $name . ']';
	} else {
	$name = $key;
	}
	}
	if (is_array($value)) {
	$query[] = $this->buildQuery($value, $separator, $name);
	} else {
	$query[] = $name . '=' . rawurlencode($value);
	}
	}
	return implode($separator, $query);
	}

	/**
	* This method uses a regex to parse the url into the designated parts.
	*
	* @param string $url URL
	*
	* @return void
	* @uses self::$_scheme, self::setAuthority(), self::$_path, self::$_query,
	* self::$_fragment
	* @see __construct
	*/
	protected function parseUrl($url)
	{
	// The regular expression is copied verbatim from RFC 3986, appendix B.
	// The expression does not validate the URL but matches any string.
	preg_match(
	'(^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]))?([^?#])(\?([^#]))?(#(.))?)',
	$url, $matches
	);

	// "path" is always present (possibly as an empty string); the rest
	// are optional.
	$this->_scheme = !empty($matches[1]) ? $matches[2] : false;
	$this->setAuthority(!empty($matches[3]) ? $matches[4] : false);
	$this->_path = $this->_encodeData($matches[5]);
	$this->_query = !empty($matches[6])
	? $this->_encodeData($matches[7])
	: false
	;
	$this->_fragment = !empty($matches[8]) ? $matches[9] : false;
	}

	/**
	* Encode characters that might have been forgotten to encode when passing
	* in an URL. Applied onto Userinfo, Path and Query.
	*
	* @param string $url URL
	*
	* @return string
	* @see parseUrl
	* @see setAuthority
	* @link https://pear.php.net/bugs/bug.php?id=20425
	*/
	private function _encodeData($url)
	{
	return preg_replace_callback(
	'([\x00-\x20\x22\x3C\x3E\x7F-\xFF]+)',
	array($this, '_encodeCallback'), $url
	);
	}

	/**
	* Callback for encoding character data
	*
	* @param array $matches Matches
	*
	* @return string
	* @see _encodeData
	*
	* @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.UnusedPrivateMethod)
	*/
	private function _encodeCallback(array $matches)
	{
	return rawurlencode($matches[0]);
	}
	}

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