* By default, a single match in the $filter bit field filters properties out, following an "or" logic.
* When EXCLUDE_STRICT is set, an "and" logic is applied: all bits must match for a property to be removed.
*
* @param array $a The array containing the properties to filter
* @param int $filter A bit field of Caster::EXCLUDE_* constants specifying which properties to filter out
* @param string[] $listedProperties List of properties to exclude when Caster::EXCLUDE_VERBOSE is set, and to preserve when Caster::EXCLUDE_NOT_IMPORTANT is set
* @param int|null &$count Set to the number of removed properties